Default boundary generation

gs_b() is the simplest version of a function to be used with the upper and lower arguments in gs_prob(), gs_power_nph() and gs_design_nph(); it simply returns the vector input in the input vector Z or, if k is specified, par[k]j is returned. Note that if bounds need to change with changing information at analyses, gs_b() should not be used. For instance, for spending function bounds use.

Usage

gs_b(par = NULL, k = NULL, ...)

Arguments

par

For gs_b(), this is just Z-values for the boundaries; can include infinite values.

k

Is NULL (default), return par, else return par[k].

...

Further arguments passed to or from other methods.

Value

Returns the vector input par if k is NULL, otherwise, par[k].

Specification

The contents of this section are shown in PDF user manual only.

Examples

# Simple: enter a vector of length 3 for bound
gs_b(par = 4:2)
#> [1] 4 3 2

# 2nd element of par
gs_b(par = 4:2, k = 2)
#> [1] 3

# Generate an efficacy bound using a spending function
# Use Lan-DeMets spending approximation of O'Brien-Fleming bound
# as 50%, 75% and 100% of final spending
# Information fraction
IF <- c(.5, .75, 1)
gs_b(par = gsDesign::gsDesign(
  alpha = .025, k = length(IF),
  test.type = 1, sfu = gsDesign::sfLDOF,
  timing = IF
)$upper$bound)
#> [1] 2.962588 2.359018 2.014084